All of the property that belongs to someone who has recently died typically becomes part of their estate. However, not every asset in the estate passes to the heirs or chosen beneficiaries of that individual.
The personal representative of their estate has to make an effort to pay their debts and settle their tax obligations before distributing what remains among beneficiaries. In some cases, individuals with fewer resources in their estates may not have enough to leave a meaningful legacy after fulfilling their financial obligations.
Others have the exact opposite problem. Their estates are valuable enough to lead to estate taxes. Estate taxes can consume a significant portion of the property the testator wants to leave for their loved ones or charitable causes. People can potentially plan ahead of time to avoid estate taxes when they die.
Only multi-million dollar estates have to pay estate taxes
Most states do not impose an estate tax, but New York unfortunately does. When people die in New York, the personal representative of their estate has to review their resources and financial obligations. They may need to retain assets to cover estate taxes if the estate contains too much valuable property.
Estates in New York might be responsible for both state and federal estate taxes. In 2024, the threshold for New York state estate taxes is $6.94 million. The maximum state-level estate tax rate could be as high as 16%.
The estate has to be worth almost twice that much to be at risk of federal estate taxes. In 2024, the federal threshold for estate taxes is $13.61 million. The tax rate ranges between 18 and 40%. Those who have to cover the maximum federal and state estate tax rates may have to dedicate more than half of the resources in an estate toward tax obligations.
Prior planning limits tax liability
Those who plan carefully may be able to avoid or at least reduce estate tax obligations. Gifts made before someone died, assets transferred into a trust and ownership shared with other people can help limit the overall value event state and therefore what taxes the estate may have to pay.
Those with multiple real estate holdings and/or a privately held company may need to approach estate planning particularly carefully to preserve those resources and avoid estate taxes. Integrating tax concerns into a New York estate plan can help people maximize how much their loved ones inherit after they die.